冠词(Article)是一种虚词
在句子中不重读本身不能独立使用
只能放在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物
它是英语词性中最小的一类,只有三个
一种是不定冠词(Indefinite Article)
一种是定冠词(Definite Article)
此外也有些特定场合不用冠词
即通常所称的零冠词(Zero Article)
其中冠词简称“art.”
冠词有不定冠词、 定冠词、 零冠词。
分类:
1.不定冠词 a/an
2.定冠词 the
3.零冠词
一、不定冠词
①a用于辅音音素开头的单词前
a book/ desk/ teacher
②an用于元音音素开头的单词前
an apple/ orange/umbrella
③表示一个、又一个
eg:I have an apple.
我有一个苹果。
④ 泛指名词的种类是一个整体的符号
eg:A doctor is a person who saves people's life.
医生是救人性命的。
Tips:
使用单数可数名词一定要加:
a/an/the/this/that或物主代词
⑤用于单数可数名词前表示一类人或物,相当于any
eg: A student should study hard.
⑥用于表示单位、速度、时间、长度、价格相当于any
eg: three times a day
⑦用于做表语的名词,前表示职业、身份
eg: My sisiter is a doctor.
二、定冠词
1、特指说话人与听话人双方都心知肚明的人或事
eg: Pass me the book, please.
2、表示动物种类
eg: The tiger is the biggest animal in the forest.
3、用于独一无二的事物
eg: the sun the Great Wall长城
4、西洋乐器前
eg: I play the piano.
5、单数发明物前
eg: He invented the phone.
6、用于序数词最高级前
eg: the second the best
7、the+姓氏+s 表示一家人
eg:the Whites 怀特一家人
8、the+adj. 表示一类人
eg: the rich 富人 the old 老年人
9、放于江河湖海、山脉等词前
the Yellow River 黄河
三、零冠词
①用于复数可数名词前无形容词表类别
eg: Horses are useful animals.
②棋类、球类、游戏前无冠词
eg: I play chess/basketball/computer games.
③西方节假日,四季,月份,星期几前无冠词
eg: I like spring.
④前面有定语:
this/ your/ whose/
some/ any/ every/ each
等不用冠词
eg:She is my friend.
⑤三餐学科前无冠词
eg : I like English.
⑥前后有两个意义相同或相反的单词
eg: brother and sister
side by side
from east to west
冠词的重复与省略
the teacher and the writer
老师和作家(两个人)
the teacher and writer
老师,作家(一个人)
短语辨析
零冠词 | 定冠词 | ||
go to school | 去上学 | go to the school | 去学校 |
go to bed | 去上床睡觉 | go to the bed | 向床边走去 |
in hospital | 住院 | go to the hospital | 去医院 |
at table | 吃饭 | at the table | 在桌边 |
in class | 上课 | in the class | 在教室 |
go to church | 做礼拜 | go to the church | 去教堂 |
in future | 今后 | in the future | 未来 |
in bed | 睡觉 | in the bed | 在床上 |
next year | 明年 | the next year | 下一年 |
on earth | 到底 | on the earth | 在地球上 |
a numbeof | 许多 | the number of | 的数量 |
3.固定搭配的词组
不定冠词
have a good time | 玩的开心 |
quite a few | 不少 |
have a cold | 感冒 |
in a hurry | 匆忙 |
for a while | 暂时 |
keep a diary | 写日记 |
give sb. a call | 给某人打电话 |
give sb. a ride | 让某人搭车 |
定冠词
in the end | 最后 |
at the age of | 在 岁的时候 |
by the way | 顺便说一下 |
on the other side of | 在 的另一面 |
all the time | 始终 |
at the moment | 此刻 |
in the middle | 在 中间 |
at the same time | 在同一时候 |
at the end of | 在 的尽头 |
零冠词
by train | 坐火车 |
day and night | 夜以继日 |
in trouble | 处于不幸中 |
on time | 准时 |
face to face | 面对面 |
in bed | 卧床 |
on show | 展出 |
on duty | 值班 |
on watch | 值班(指监视) |
on business | 出差 |
at first | 首先 |
at last | 最后 |
at noon/night | 在中午/夜晚 |
at school | 在学校 |
at work | 在工作 |
冠词分为定冠、不定冠,零冠
不定冠词a和an,“—”的含义表泛指,
表示特指要用the,次序、方位、最高级,
世上物体独一个,人或事物再次提,
以下情况冠词免,学科球类三顿饭,
名词复数表泛指,季节星期月份前,
冠词免不是没冠词,停顿一下(/) 再读下面。
练习题
( )1.It’s orange, orange is orange.
A.a,the B.an,The C.an,a
( )2.What’s your favourite sports?
high jump. A.A B.The C./
( )3.What time do you listen to radio?
A.a B./ C.the
( )4.Shall we meet at gate of park at 7:30.
A.the,the B.the,a C.a,a
( )5.Is basketball yours?
A.a B.the C./
( )6. Young Pioneers are helping old woman.
A.The,the B.A,an C.The,/
( )7.Look at egg.It’s big egg.
A.an,a B.the,a C.the,an
( )8.I want to buy English book
A.an B.a C.the
( )9.Look, students are cleaning classroom.
A.a,a B.the,the C.the,an
( )10.He’s sitting in apple tree.
A.a B.the C./
( )11.Have you got ruler?
A.a B.the C.an
( )12.Tom hasn’t got dog in bag.
A.a,the B.the,the C.a,an
( )13.Turn lefe at third crossing.
The hotel is on right.
A.the,the B.a,the C.the,a
( )14.Here’s money.
A.the B.a C.an
( )15.Can I take No.24 bus to the Garden Hotel?
A.the B.a C.an
( )16.Do you want orange coat.
A.the B.an C.a