仁爱七下Unit5 短语丨句型丨语法汇总
Unit 5 Topic1
重点短语
1. on foot go …on foot = walk ( to )…
2. at the school gate在学校大门口
3. on weekdays 在平日 ,在工作日
4. on weekends=on the weekend在周末
5. after school 放学后
6. after class 下课后
7. after breakfast / lunch / supper
早餐 / 午餐 / 晚餐后
8. in ones free time在某人空闲时间
9. have a rest 休息一下
10. read books 读书
11. go swimming 去游泳
12. listen to music 听音乐
13. watch TV 看电视
14. do（one’s） homework 做作业
15. go to the zoo / park 去动物园 / 公园
16. once a week 一周一次
17. every day 每天
18. have classes 上课
19. for a little while 一会儿
20. go to bed 上床睡觉
21. come on 快点,加油,来吧
22. get up 起床
23. talk with / to sb.与某人谈话
24. at school 在学校、在上课
25. go to school 去上学
26. and so on ……等等
重点句型
1. Happy New Year! The same to you.
2. Your new bike looks very nice. Thank you.
3. How do you usually come to school? —I usually come to school by subway.
4. How often do you go to the library?
5. —Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sedom
6. The early bird catches the work. (谚语) 笨鸟先飞
7. Work / Study must come first. 工作/ 学习必须放在第一位！
8. Classes begin at eight. =Class begins at eight.
9. What time does the class begin? / What time do the classes begin?
10. We have no more time. 我们没有更多的时间了。
11. I have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon.
我早上上四节课，下午上两节。
12. She goes to bed at about a quarter to ten. 她九点四十五分睡觉。
重点详解
1. by+交通工具，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有a, the, my 等限定词，就不能用by,而是用in或是on. by +动词ing形式，表示通过某种方式乘坐交通工具
by +交通工具（by car/bus/train/ship）
take the+交通工具（take the bus/car）
on+大型封闭式工具（on the bus/ train/ship/plane）
on the train=by train
on his bike=by bikeon a bike/motorbike
in +小型封闭交通工具（in a car/taxi）in my car=by car
I always come to school by bus.
People show love to their mothers by giving cards.
You can be a good student by working hard.
巧辩异同 on foot 与 walk on foot “走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。
take the bus = go …by bus ride a bike = go …by bike
take the subway = go …by subway
go to…on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to school.
go to….by bike = ride a bike go to…. by car = drive a car to
go to … by plane = fly to go to… by bus = take a bus to
2. It’s time for sth. “该做某事了”
=It’s time to do sth.
It’s time for class. =It’s time to have class. =It’s time for having class.
3. look +adj (look感官动词,系动词) 看起来
His mother looks very young.
They look very cute.
Her dress looks very nice.
You look very cool in this coat.
look的短语
look the same看起来一样
look like看起来像……
look for寻找
look after =take care of 照顾，照料
look around/about 四处看看，四下环顾;
look back 回头看;回顾;
look out 当心，小心，留神;
look through 浏览，仔细查看；
look up 查寻，查阅;抬头看
4. do one’s homework 做家庭作业（注：one’s 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her等）。 do my homework at school 在学校做作业
5. want to do sth. “想做某事”，want 后接动词不定式作宾语。
know about “了解，知道关于…”。
we want to know about the school life of American students.
我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。
6. 巧辩异同
a few+可数名词 （肯定）；一点，一些；
few+可数名词：（否定）很少,几乎没有
a little+不可数名词（肯定）；一点，一些；
little +不可数名词：（否定）很少,几乎
little和few作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”,强调少;
a little和a few强调有一些。
e.g.He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
e.g. I can speak only a little Chinese.
They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱
a little 与 little 也可以用作副词， 表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少”
e.g. Can you speak English? ---Yes, but only a little.
This book is a little more difficult than that one. （可修饰形容词比较级）
She slept little last night. 昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。
7. go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，类似： go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西
go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰 go swimming 去游泳
and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。
They often play basketball or coccer, go swimming and so on.
8. (1). How often 多久一次（对频度进行提问）
答语常用频度副词always> usually>often> sometimes>seldom>never等或单位时间内的次数，表示频率的短语：次数+单位时间
e.g. : once a week一周一次 twice a month每月两次three times a year每年三次
How often do you go to the library?
你多久去一次图书馆？
--once/twice/three times/four times a week/month/year
(2).How far多远（表示距离）How far is it from here to the zoo? --It’s 6 kilometers.
(3).How long多长（对时间进行提问，持续多长时间（多久）/东西的长度（多长）
How long did he stay here? About two weeks.
How long is the river? About 500 km.
(4).How soon再过多久，主要用来表示对将来一段时间的提问。常用“in+时间段”来回答。
How soon will he be back? In an hour.
9. over (形容词) School / Class is over. What time is the class over?
10. begin 现在分词: beginning 过去式: began What time does the class begin?
begin to do sth begin doing sth
He begins to write a letter. =He begins writing a letter.
如果begin本身为分词，只能用begin to do sth He is beginning to run.
11. listen to 听（动作）， hear 听见(结果)
冠词用法
1. 弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进行球类运动则不带the。
play +棋类/球类/牌 下……棋，打……球 play soccer/basketball
play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉……乐器
play the guitar/piano
2.序数词，前面要用定冠词the。on the second floor
3.三餐前面不用冠词。 have breakfast/lunch/supper
语法：一般现在时
一般现在时表示：（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用）
（1）现在所处的状态。Jane is at school.
（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus.
（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football.
（4）客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.
常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。
行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/don’t和does/doesn’t.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。
肯定式：I go to school on foot. 否定式：I don’t go to school on foot.
疑问式：Do you go to school on foot? —Yes, I do. —No, I don’t.
当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。
肯定式：He goes to work by bus.
否定式：He doesn’t go to work by bus.
疑问式：Does he go to work by bus?
—Yes, he does. —No, he doesn’t.
Unit 5 Topic2
重点短语：
1. make cards 制作卡片
2. on the playground 在操场上
3. in the library 在图书馆
4. in the gym在体育馆
5. on the shelf在书架上（shelves 复数）
6. at the Lost and Found 在失物招领处
7.clean the room打扫房间
8.have a soccer game 举行足球比赛
9. have an English class 上英语课
10. write a letter 写信
11. some of his photos
= some photos of his 他的一些照片
12. on time 准时/in time及时
13. do better in sth 在某方面做得较好
14. show sb. around… 带领某人参观……
15. at the moment“此刻，现在”,= now.
16. plan v.计划 plan to do sth
17. be kind to sb
=be friendly to sb 对某人很友好
学科名词：
：Politics
语文：Chinese
数学：Math
英语：English
历史：History
地理：Geography
生物：Biology
音乐：Music
体育：P.E
美术：Art
一周名词：
星期一：Monday
星期二：Tuesday
星期三;Wednesday
星期四；Thursday
星期五：Friday
星期六：Saturday
星期日：Sunday
重点句型
1. What are you doing? ---- He is cleaning the dormitory. 2. Are you doing your homework?
Yes, I am./No, I am not.
3. How long can I keep them?
Two weeks.
4. Thank you. ---It’s a pleasure.
= A pleasure = My pleasure. 别客气。
5. Sorry, I don’t have any.
Thank you all the same. 仍然感谢你。
重点详解
1. 巧辩异同
① go to bed“上床”“就寝”I often go to bed at ten.
② go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last night I went to sleep at two o’clock.
3. 巧辩异同some, a few 与a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。
some既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。
We want some apples and some water.
a few用在可数名词复数之前
a little用在不可数名词之前。
There are a few books and a little waterin the classroom.
4. 与how相关的短语
how often多常 how many多少
how much多少钱 how old多大
5. And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归
① return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人
=give back sth. to sb.
② return to“回到…”，相当于come back to…
6. talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”
Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.
巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell
(1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。
(2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。
(3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。
(4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎,
tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。
7.look for“寻找”，强调寻找的过程；
find“找到” 发现,强调找的结果。
I can’t find my purse and I am looking for it.
8. Read, see ,look and watch
look(at) 看，表动作，不及物动词，后面需加介词at才能跟宾语，指看的动作，
see 看见，指看的结果，
read常指看书、看报纸等，表示阅读
watch看比赛、电视
e.g I can an apple on the table。
I want to the film with you。
，there is a kite flying in the sky。
Please the blackboard carefully。
Tv too much is bad for your health。
9. Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。
photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。
a friend of mine我的一个朋友 a classmate of my brother’s我弟弟的一个同学
10. 巧辩异同 also与tooalso放在句中，too用于句末。
also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。
e.g Helen is also a student. I have long hair and she has long hair, too。
11. borrow:指主语借入 borrow sth. from sb.
e.g You can borrow this book from the library. May I borrow your eraser?
lend: 指主语借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.
e.g Can you lend your car to me? They often lend us their ball.
keep 和 borrow, lend 的意思一样,都是表示借的意思, 区别是borrow和lend是
瞬间动词/,短暂性动词，不能跟一段时间连用,而keep是延续性动词,表示借一段时间,
后常跟一段时间
e.g You may keep this book for two weeks.
borrow借进 lend借出 keep借多久
14. on time: 准时,强调不早不迟到达 e.g We must go to work on time.
in time: 及时,强调在规定的时间以前到达 The students can get there in time.
15. Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的 n.日本人,日语
当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法相同)
e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.
重要句型总结
1. What’s in+sth 表示哪里有什么东西 e.g What’s in your purse? 钱包里有什么东西?
2. What else 还有别的什么么? else: 别的,其它的 What else do you have?
Who else还有别的什么人么?
Where else 还有别的什么地方么?
else除了可以放在疑问词what,who, where等后面，还可以放在不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody后面
e.g I don’t have anything else to do. I can’t see anybody else in the room.
3. Here are some photos of his.
名词＋Of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格----双重所有格
e.g a friend of Sam’s 萨姆的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
4. love doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯
love to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事
e.g She loves reading in bed. I love to go swimming today.
“Like+动词ing”表示“喜欢做某事” I like playing basketball.Tom likes listeningｔo music.
“Like+ｔo+动词”也表示“喜欢做某事”，
只是“Like+动词ing”表示习惯性动作（也可以说是爱好）， 而“Like+ｔo+动词”表示一次性或短暂性的
Our PE teacher likesswimming.( 表示爱好)
He likes playing basketball,but today he doesn't like to play basketball.
他爱好打篮球（爱好），但是今天他没去打篮球（短暂性的）
语法讲解：现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示：
(1) 现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作,可与now=at the moment现在, look看,listen听等时间状语连用 e.g I’m reading a book now.
(2) 现在进行时表示当前一段时间内一直进行的动作
e.g They’re working on a farm this week.
(3) 某些行为动词的现在进行时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,安排或打算的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,到目前我们所学的这类动词有come, go, fly, return
e.g They are flying to London this afternoon.
We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.
2.常用的时间状语：now, at the moment, look, listen等。
3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。
4.动词的-ing形式构成：
一般在动词末尾加-ing | buy---buying call----calling drink----drinking |
以不发音字母e结尾的单词,去e加-ing | come---coming drive---driving give-----giving |
末尾只有一个辅音字母,且这个辅音字母前面不是字母组合的词,要双写末尾辅音字母,再加-ing | plan----planning swim----swimming stop---stopping sit---sitting |
以ie结尾的词,变ie为y,再加-ing | die----dying lie----lying |
5.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。
（1）肯定句:主语+be+doing+sth I am running. He/She is running.
（2）否定句:主语+be+not+doing+sth I’m not running. He/She isn’t running.
（3）一般疑问句:Be+主语+doing+sth 回答:Yes,主(代)+be /No,主(代)+be+not
Are you running? —Yes, I am./—No, I am not.
Is he/she running? —Yes, he/she is./ —No. he/she isn’t
（4）特殊疑问句: What+be+主语+doing?
Unit 5 Topic3
重点短语：
1. outdoor activity 课外活动
2. easy and interesting 容易又有趣
3. difficult and boring 又难又乏味
4. be friendly to sb. =be kind to sb.
对某人友好
5. between…and… 在……之间…
6. learn(…)from… 向…学习…/从…中学…
7.learning about the past了解过去
8.learn about了解
9.learn by oneself自学
7. from…to… 从……到……
8. in the morning / afternoon / evening
在早上/ 下午/ 晚上
9. on Monday 在星期一
10. on Monday morning在星期一的早上
11. tell sb. about sth告诉某人关于某事
重点句型
1. What day is it today？---It’s Sunday.
(在英语国家每周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一)
2. What class are they having?
They are having a music class.
3. What time does the class begin?
At ten o’clock.
4. What do you think of math? = How do you like math ?
你认为数学怎么样？
----It’s difficult and boring.
5. Why (为什么)do you like English ?
Because（因为）it’s easy and interesting.
7. What subject (学科)do you like best ?
I like history best.
8. At school, my teachers and classmates are very friendly to me.
9. I study Chinese, English, politics, geography and some other subjects.
（other泛指其他的，别的+ 名词复数 another 泛指又一个、再一个、另一个+名词单数；the other 两者中的另一个）
10. English is my favorite subject.
11. I also like P.E and music. = I like P.E and music , too. (也)
12. Can you tell me something about it?
重点详解
1. 询问星期几用What day…？回答：It’s Wednesday/Sunday…。
与what有关的短语：
what class什么班
what color什么颜色
what time几点
What’s the date…? 是对日期(几号)的提问。
What day is it today?
—It’s Monday.问星期
What’s the date today?
—It’s the May 1st.问具体日期。
What do you do?
—I’m a teacher.
What does he look like?
—He is tall/He has a small mouth.问外貌
What’s she like?
—She is kind/friendly..问性格。
2. How many+可数名词的复数形式；
How much+不可数名词。
How many lessons does he have every weekday?
3. in+时间段（in the morning/afternoon/evening
季节/月份/年份前也用in：in Spring/Oct/in September，2008)
in用于泛指一天的上午，下午，晚上等，也用于某个较长的时间，如年，月，季节等，还可以表示“从现在起一段时间以后”in a week
at+时间点，钟点时（刻）（at 6 o’clock）
at noon at night
at midnight at this time of day
on+具体时间（具体日期、节日前
on Sep 10th/Women’s Day/rainy Day）
在星期几常用on,在具体点钟前用at.
4. What do you think of …?
= How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？
What one’s favorite…?
= What does sb. like best? 某人最喜欢什么？
Which subject do you like best?
你最喜欢什么科目？
5. Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它？
--Because it’s easy and interesting.
因为它简单而有趣。
用why提问必须用because回答。
Why? ----Because it’s interesting.
如果表示你为什么不用 Why not…?
或Why don’t you…?
6. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 My teachers are very friendly to me.
注： friendly是形容词 “友好的”“友善的”，而不是副词。
7. a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“非常，十分”。
I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。
11. You must like English very much. 你一定非常喜欢英语。must在这里表示肯定推测。
12. It’s time for (doing) sth= it’s time to do sth. 该做某事了
It’s time for class.上课的时间到了.
13.can+动词原形，它不随主语和数而变化。
(1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。
(2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+can't.
(3)含有can的否定句：主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。
(4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？
14.may+动词的原形。（may为情态动词）一般疑问句是把may提前，
肯定回答是：Yes，主语 +may。否定回答是：No，主语+mustn't。或please don't。
15. have to 后加动词原形，侧重客观的需要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多种时态形式，
否定式为don’t have to(needn’t)意为“不必”。
Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有现在时一种形式,
否定式must’t意为“一定不要，不允许，禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。
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